1. Run–on Sentence
Run–on sentence是將兩個或以上的完整句子不正確的連結在同一句。所謂不正確可能是沒有使用連結詞,或是沒有使用正確的標點符號,如句號或是分號。Run–on sentence可能是短的,也有可能是長的。所以看到很長的句子,不一定代表他是一個run–on sentence.
一個完整的句子應該包含:
- 主詞
- 動詞
- 完整的句意
(X)Lily was so hungry she started to look for food.
(O)Lily was so hungry. She started to look for food.
(O)Lily was so hungry; she started to look for food.
(O)Lily was so hungry and she started to look for food.
2. Could of/could have
很多人會把could of當成could have用,在口語中,could of和 could have會很相似,但只有Could Have才是正確的!
(X)I could of slept early, but I drank too much milk tea.
(O)I could have slept early, but I drank too much milk tea.
3. Passive Voice
這種被動的英文用法也常常是大家容易犯的錯誤之一。最常見的錯誤有:
- 規則動詞中沒有加被動詞的 -ed
(X)The video is film by Lily.
(O)The video is filmed by Lily.
- 不規則動詞中沒有寫出正確的過去分詞
(X)The beautiful photo is took by Jessica.
(O)The beautiful photo is taken by Jessica.
- 使用錯誤的主詞
(X)The book wrote in 1966. (書不會自己寫啊!)
(O)The book was written in 1966.
(O)The author wrote the book in 1966.
4. 主詞動詞不一致
看起來是個很簡單的道理,卻也是大家常常忘記檢查的地方。
(X)My means of transportation include a car and a bike.
(O)My means of transporation includes a car and a bike.
(X)Neither Lily nor Jessica are going to my birthday party.
(O)Neither Lily nor Jessica is going to my birthday party.
5. Lay/Lie
很多人會碰到Lay and lie,傻傻分不清的情況。
- Lay:放下(Lay–laid–laid, laying)
- Lie:躺著(Lie–lay–lain, lying)
- Lie:說謊(Lie–lied–lied, lying)
如果你想要將一樣物品放置於某處,比如說盤子或是桌上的時候,你就要使用〝Lay〞,而如果你想要在床上躺平睡覺的時候,你就要用〝Lie〞。
(X)He was laying on the couch.
(O)He was lying on the couch.
6. It’s/Its
It’s跟Its在唸法上一樣,但是在使用上卻很不一樣喔。
- It’s是〝It is〞或是〝It has〞的縮寫。
- Its是代詞的所有格形式。
我們來看看下面兩句話,「熊熊在玩它的帽子。熊熊覺得它很美。」要如何寫呢?
(X)The bear is playing with it’s hat. Its a beautiful hat.
(O)The bear is playing with its hat. It’s a beautiful hat.
7. 錯誤的使用主詞受詞
常見的主詞受詞如:I/me, he/him, she/her, we/us, they/them, who/whom。
(X)Alice and me are best friends.
(O)Alice and I are best friends.
8. Preposition 介系詞
最後一個就是介系詞的使用!In, on以及at是大家常常會搞混的介系詞。什麼時候用in?什麼時候用on?什麼時候用at呢?可以使用下面這種思維模式。
In通常是使用於大範圍,大地點的,比如說國家、城市、地區。以時間來講,則用於比較不特定的世紀、年代、年份、月、週、季節等。
- In Taiwan
- In Taipei
- In Da’an District
- In the 1900s
- In the 90’s
- In 2020
- In May
- In 2 weeks
On則是用於較特定的,比較小的範圍,比如說街道,而以時間來說,多用於日期或是週末。
- On July 15th, 2020
- On my birthday
- On Friday
- On the weekend
- On Xinyi Road
At則是用於非常特定、最小範圍的。比如說,小時、晚上,或是地址以及其他特定地點。
- At night
- At 10:00
- At 123 Xinyi Road
- At the store
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